Slessor, Mary
Letter no. 40. 1st. January 1908

 
Mr. Biddell has still not written, so her original estimation may have been 
correct (letter no. 38). Most of the letter is general information but, in particular, 
Miss Slessor gives details of bridge building in preparation fo an 800 man 
punitive expedition into the upper part of the protectorate. She has a high 
opinion of Mr. Rosario, the engineer, who was very obliging to her, having 
brought up her supplies without being asked.



To C.P. jr.
Stowmt.                                                            
                      
                                                             Use
                                                               1. 1. '08


Dear old friend,

                   The first letter of 1908 shall be to you.   I am truly glad to hear at last 
that you are better & getting up a bit.   I trust that by this time you are getting out 
for a little, & that the festive season has been a happy one.   I had Miss Chalmers 
from Duke Town when the last mail went, & so could not get a bit written to 
you.   She went the other day, & I am alone.   Mr Rosario came up with his asst. 
engineer, & spent a couple of hours with me in the morning, which was 
exceedingly kind of them.   Mr Underhill was to have come up last evening, but 
cd not get away, & the whole of the Europeans at the beach are dining tonight 
with the Robertsons at Itu.   The Doc is so very much at that beach, that I 
suppose he is bound to give them a night in return.   He will be going home in 
March.   The Engineers have just been putting bridges all the way up the Creek 
side, for an expedition of 800 men who are going far up into the Aro Country, to 
a place where no European has yet been, & it is partly I hear to avenge the death 
of a man named Smith.   I do hope & pray, that no harm or Killing may come of 
it.   It is such a long & unknown road.   The bridges are the palaver [Note 1] of 
our Court, are they not?    There was some disturbance in the market a fortnight 
ago.   A Major something from behind Bendi came & took rods [Note 2] from 
people in the market, & gave English money, & the Aro Policemen caught a 
number of our boys, & Enyon boys on the road to & from farms, & threw them 
into their steel canoe, our boys dont know how to paddle any small canoe, much 
less those great things, & some of them were hurt, & their clothes torn, & their 
things all scattered & lost, as were the goods of many women.   So the next 
market was attended by about 50 women, & they wd. not accept rods, & all the 
villages are expecting to have the white man come & take their rods from them.   
The one cry I heard was for Udo Afia Ikot Okpene [Note 3], who flogged - this 
is a parabolic term in their tongue - them for dirty roads, but took care of them 
from strangers.   I have been trying to conciliate them all round, but it is a pity it 
happened all the same, the market shd. be free from panic, if the country is to 
prosper.   The Ikot Okpene folks have been out on patrol again I hear.   Halliday 
has been on holiday since before Xmas & is not home yet.   I have never heard a 
sound, or  had a scrap of a pen from Beddell, so am snubbed for true, & the 
natives are wondering why I cant help them.   However, I am not out of 
employment.   The old Chiefs at Ikot Obon & at Use are always asking when 
you are coming, so are Itu & Eniyon.   If you saw your road, I tell them, they 
would not like to see you.   But they say, O we would soon clean it.   It is harvest 
time, so they dont take any notice.   I have no news.   There is little trade doing 
at the beach.   In fact, almost nothing, & 2 companies are begun at Itu with 
factories, or Houses of trade.   Mr Underhill works out fairly well, & is very 
obliging.   He kept my little thief boy well for me, but it is not a reformation yet.   
My girls are all at home, & all doing well, & have forgiven the slanders, & 
wilfull misrepresentations heaped on them.   They are all cutting bush for farms.   
I will be going to Ikot Obon, this or next week to repair & prepare for the two 
ladies.   Mr Rosario says there is a fine camp which they are done with with 
good clearings, & good water, if we want to open a school.   It is 8 miles from 
Ikot Okpene, but I am to go up to Ikpe I think as soon as the ladies come out.   
There is nothing to hinder me seeing the Court is out of my hands.   I shall go 
out on my cycle too to see this Camp, but not till the House is ready for the 
ladies, as they should be out in 2 steamers more.   I am thinking of building more 
here, but cant get labour yet - & making this the Industrial home for women.   
Getting the artizan  to live at Ikot Obon, & the two ladies who will take charge 
of the home, here, & let the teacher ladies go on to that Camp, or somewhere 
farther on.   I have written this home, but it will take some time, even if it is 
recommended.   I had a young lad in on his way to Ikot Okpene.   He is for the 
telegraph.   It was on Sunday, & he came to Church.   He did not get much of a 
Xmas welcome from anyone in Calabar, nor an invitation to the sports or regatta 
or anything.   He seemed a nice lad, & will be going out & in every month he 
says.   I do not intend he shall lack a welcome at this side.   I took Miss Chalmers 
round the Eniyon towns.   We spent a night at Akani Obio.   We got a great 
welcome every where.   Aro Chuku has a fine fellow, according to the natives,  
in place of Mr Cotton.   They are highly pleased, but the Interpreter will follow 
yours I fear.   Esien has sent thro his lawyer letters to Eso, & Udo Ekandem, & 
Ofon Ikot, for £100, from each, for bail, but it is preposterous, they can no more 
give £300 than they can give the moon.   His poor Mother is heartbroken, no one 
knows the charges made against him.   Poor Esien!!   They all say, "O if his 
master were here when he is tried!" but you cant be. Eh?   The trial is to be at 
Ikot Okpene I hear,  & by the Judge.   I hear there are quite a crowd of ladies in 
Calabar.   Mr Fosberry sent his Comps. & said had they known I was on the str,[ 
they wd have called on me.   His wife is there, & very nice I hear.   I have not 
heard from Lagos yet, but expect to by this mail.   There has been some kind of a 
fight at Xmas in Calabar, between Kroo & Efik men, & 2 K Bs [Note 4] were 
killed.   But I have no particulars.   Nor have I news.   A white man passed on 
Monday as I taught school at Use.   I bowed, & He lifted his hat & walked on.  
Mr Rosario is my only friend here & the factory folk & they are most kind.   
Rosario cd. not be kinder if he was my brother.   He brought up all my 
provisions, 19 boxes, without any asking, or giving me any trouble, & the 
roadway & every thing he has seen to.   He came up on Xmas day & sent me a 
ham & Plum pudding, & here he is today again, lest I shd be lonely.   But I'm 
wearying to see you again, for your place cant be filled by any of the others, 
good as they are.

Now let me thank you for the book you sent.   I have not read it since I was a 
girl, & I have enjoyed the oldworld gentlewomen, who, after all are more to my 
taste than the new woman.   Im too old for the new clever independent brand I 
fear.  It is so --- no!  I shall not enter on any dissertations, for the mosquitoes are 
really agravating even if they dont bite me.   Now I'm off to bed.   Wishing you 
the very best year that ever you have had.   God be near to you, & reveal 
Himself to you in all His Fatherhood & love, & make you strong in body for 
farther & even better service than ever.   My Best regards to your family circle, 
& believe me ever Yours Faithfully & sincerely
Mary M Slessor


Saturday, 4th.   Latest news.   On their way down to Calabar from Ikot Okpene 
today, there passed, - & came in - Colonel MoorHouse, Major Trenchard - & a 
couple of Capns. who are engaged more or less if not actually going to the front, 
at this big Expedition.   Middleton is gone to the East, & is therefore not of us 
any more.  aurevoir   Yours truly     MMSlessor



EDITORIAL NOTES:     

1]   palaver = discussion, consultation, Court Case

2]   rods = brass rods were a medium for barter; local currency

3]   Udo Afia Ikot Okpene.  Charles Partridge's local name
                                 
 4]   K Bs. = reference unknown. Possibly “King’s Borderers in the West African 
Field Force. The nearest battalion was however in Cairo.

TRANSCRIPTION BY:   Leslie A Mackenzie, 1997

DATA ENTERED BY:   Ruth Riding, 1997



Slessor, Mary
Letter no. 41. 20th. January 1908

 
Miss Slessor thanks Mr. Partridge for a plum pudding he has sent her, and hopes 
that he has recovered from his illness.   He is still in England, but Miss Slessor 
hopes for his quick return.   She has seen Mr. Biddell for the first time, and has 
agreed to take up the Court work again.   The Road has been inspected for the 
expected visit of the Governor, and there is news of visitors and other people 
known to him.   Her misgivings for the large Expedition are expressed, and she 
fervently hopes that there will be no bloodshed.


To C.P.jr.
Stowmt.
                                                        
                                                     Use
                                                      20.1.'08


Dear Old Comrade in Arms.

How are you today?  & Where?   Your last letter gave hope that we might fight 
again side by side in this old district.

What a Plum Pudding that is?   the *real* old fashioned thing.  No trimming 
about this article.   There was no word of mails till Tuesday morning when Dr 
Robertson came up, & he jumped on Lemon [Note 1] on his way home, & the 
pudding & the Xmas mails were sent up at once.   It is far too kind of you, you 
dear old boy!   I'm very grateful, but you do far too much all the time for me, & I 
can do nothing for you in return.   Nothing but pray for you.  but that will *not* 
be in vain, - I know.   Well, did you have a good time at Xmas in the Old 
Homeland?    I'm sure you would, at least you would give great pleasure to those 
who love you there, by being with them, & thats a great deal to do.   We had it 
quiet here.   Have you heard the awful news about that man Smith who worked 
on the Road here?   Isn't it horrible for a man of education to fall so low?   He 
has got 18 months imprisonment with H.L. [Note 2]  His poor wife & baby!!!   
How are you keeping?   Is the good progress toward recovery still going on?   I 
do hope so!  & that you will be back to your work again this season.   I do hope 
so, very earnestly.   I have at last seen your substitute!  on Saturday last.   He 
came in in the morning as he went to Itu, & stayed a couple of hours.   He is an 
enlarged facsimile of Mr Maxwell.   I told him I did not a bit mind the snub he 
had given me.   Two months only & not even a note!   He apologised, and spoke 
of the 2 patrols he had been on. & of having called, & I was not there.   I listened 
& laughed & asked him if there were not a C M [Note 3] to spare to take a note, 
or if he cd. not get time to write a note?   I kept it up, & he did not know what to 
say, but spoke of all he wished to do, & was anxious to do & etc. etc. & we 
made it all up.   The Governor had written asking him to help me in any way he 
could, which was most kind.   He asked me to take back the Court work, & I 
have promised to take the superintendence of it, with Halliday for Clerk.   When 
I am away of course I shall not be there, but I shall keep my eye on things as best 
I can.   The Ikot Obon ladies will be out next month, & then I shall be off to seek 
for pastures new.   Keeping this as my home, till another is built, when it *may* 
be taken over by another lady as a womens industrial station.   My new home 
will probably be Ikpe, the big Market Town behind Use & Aka, from where, I 
shall hope by teaching & personal influence to win those wild Ibibios, & perhaps 
touch Ibo people as well.   If I cd. get a boy to take school there, to be there 
while I was down here.   I shd. like it, but where's the trustworthy Xtian [Note 4] 
boy to be got?   Mrs Fosbery spent 2 hours with me this morning.  Mr F. & some 
other Europeans went on to see the Road, as they expect the Governor in a few 
weeks.   Mr F may not have time to call on his way down, as they will have a 
fatiguing day, so I *may* *not* be able to convey your comps to him, but I told 
his wife.  She is very nice & very much interested in the Country.   she asked me 
up to breakfast with them at Ikot Obon but I had a small crowd waiting for 
palaver [Note 5], & I cd. not.   Halliday had a big fall from his Bicycle at the 
Bridge at "Russells" a fortnight ago.  He tried to run alongside a truck which was 
coming, with only a foot or two of space alongside, & he was thrown down 
some 20 feet.   He was limp, & lay as dead for some time, but it was shock.   The 
injuries were not so serious as was supposed, so after a week or more in the Itu 
Hospital he came back all right.   I dont think he relishes the Censorship of this 
lady.   He certainly will have to shed a few luxuries, & be more punctual at his 
work.   He has had a splendid time, but I shall make it as easy for him as I can.   
He gets quite a small crowd of ladies always at his place all the time.   The 
General, Colonel Moorhouse, Major Trenchard, Capn Moir & suite passed two 
weeks ago, from Ikot Okpene.   They were full of this Expedition to whats the 
name of the place.   800 soldiers and hosts of white men have gone.   They 
passed up the Creek Rd. on Wed., I think of last week.   I do hope there will be 
no casualties to either side, I cant bear those dreadful Expeditions.   The very 
sight of force raises their - the natives - apprehension, & goes to make Trouble.   
There is a mans life to avenge in the affair, but they are not keen on revenge.   
They want the good of the Country.

Since writing the above Mr & Mrs Fosbery have been in again.   I gave your 
message.   He told me he had had a letter from you.   Mrs F. was very tired, they 
have had a long day of it.   They are all very eager to know how they can help 
me.   It is so good of them, but except in the way of finding new roads for me, 
there is nothing that any one can do to help me.   Except to pray for me.   All the 
surroundings & circumstances of the district are the same as of old.   I hear no 
news.   Your Interpreter is still waiting his trial.   Mr Biddell has gone back to Itu 
with the secretary.   I may see him as he comes back.   All the down & up river 
folks seem well.  A new man at Aro Chuku seems to catch on with the natives.   
Now my time is up.   So Fare Ye Well.   God bless & strengthen you for your 
work which waits for you.   All the Chiefs ask about you, so does Yours ever 
sincerely
Mary M Slessor

Mr F is pleased with the state of the Road.   The Govr. will have a motor when 
he comes.    MM




EDITORIAL NOTES:    

1]   Lemon.  This gentleman mentioned in Letter 57, perhaps connected with the 
Postal Services.

2]   H.L. = Hard Labour

3]   C.M. = Court Messenger

4]   Xtian = Christian

5]   palaver = usually a discussion, consultation or Court Case
 
TRANSCRIPTION BY:   Leslie A Mackenzie, 1997

DATA ENTERED BY:   Ruth Riding, 1997



Slessor, Mary
Letter no. 42. 15th February 1908

 
Written to Mr. Partridge, who is still in England, telling him of a visit to Calabar 
on the occasion of laying the foundation stone of the Goldie Memorial Hall. She 
finds Calabar a very clean and tidy place but the heat oppressive, causing her to 
have a feverish temperature twice. Some local men who went to collect debts in 
a distant village have been imprisoned there, and she is very worried about their 
safety. The road has been renovated for the Governor's visit, and she has been 
for a cycle run on it.  General news.


To C.P.jr.
Stowmt.                                                                   
                                                                                   Use
                                                                               15.2.'08

Dear Old Governor
How are you now?   Does the life & movement of the Spring awakenings stir in 
your blood?

I do hope by this time you are beginning to get warmth & sunshine, & that you 
are ready for the open air & the brightness of a different summer from the last 
one.   I am so sorry to have missed the last mail.   I went down to Calabar to the 
Presbytery.   *Had* to go, to try to carry them with me in plans for work up 
here, & for Industrial work for women, & I meant to write to you there, when I 
had got all the news of the City, also a "Stone" I dont know if it is the foundation 
or what you call it, of the Goldie Memorial Hall was to be laid by the  Hon -   -    
-Fosbery.   I was to give you all the news, but lo! I was laid down [Note 1] a 
very high Temperature twice over, & so all writing was knocked on the head, & 
I did not get to see a single Shop.   The function was all right.   Mrs Fosbery was 
there, very prettily dressed, & very gracious & beautiful.   We had tea afterwards 
in the Principals House, & Mr Fosbery was exceedingly happy in the whole 
undertaking.   I did not know the gentlemen who were there, but there were three 
ladies from the Consulate, & all were very nice indeed.   Mrs Fosbery gave a 
garden party next day, but I was in bed.   There was not much going on.   I was 
in the Rickshaw all the time & had a good round of the whole place, but though 
everything looked trim & clean & nice, the heat was too intense & the ground 
too dry to be refreshing, & all was strangely quiet.   Bennet died of black water 
last week.   He is an old trader.   But health is not bad.   I have not seen Mr 
Biddell again.   I hear he has gone round to Ikpe.   Four men from Use went to a 
distant place called NKara to ask for debts due to them & they have been seized 
& kept, & it is now 5 days.   There is a great mourning & weeping, & I am not 
easy in my mind about them.   I shall send to Ikot Ekpene if other 2 days do not 
bring them. The Court is a great trial to me.   It has got into a dirty irregular line 
of working.   I shall turn over a new leaf next week, tho' I do not like to seem to 
reflect on Halliday.   There is no word to be had about Esien.   You would be 
sorry for his mother.   I cant get your boy at the Rest House, but he is not gone 
home I hear.   Etim is at home with his mother since before I came out.   Miss 
Peacock will be out next boat I expect.   I have been trying to get her house 
ready, putting new mats on.   Things move on in the old way.   There are great 
cryings out for Udo Afia Ikot Okpene [Note 2], whenever anything goes wrong.   
You will get a warm welcome back again.   The value of the water is not realized 
till the well runs dry.

I wd. like to build here, but cant get the men as the farm season is at the busiest.   
The Road is in beautiful condition.   The men have been all over it, & it is as 
good as any road at home.   I ran down to the beach on my Cycle last evening to 
find some Calabar boys who have been breaking the peace.   It was a fine run.   I 
have *not* been to Ikot Okpene yet.   Yes, *it* *is* Your Station, in the opinion 
of every body.   I shd. like to see it, but I would not go under present conditions.   
Mr Rosario will be going home in a few weeks, so does Dr Robertson.   Mr 
Underhill has had some fever & has boils.   A new Engineer, Mr Hanson, is on 
the Road, a fine fellow.   They are seeking a road to the back of the projected 
new factories at Itu, but cant find one except at 2 1/2 miles round.   Do you 
remember how you tried all that long ago? & the latest comer is always the 
*first* to do it.

This is a miserable scrap, but I have to write to the Church this week, & I'm not 
*too* fit, tho' Im well.   Hurry up & come home to your work.   God bless you & 
yours,   I am ever yours sincerely
MMSlessor



EDITORIAL NOTES:   

1]   there is a change of page here, and the word "with" appears to be omitted.

2]   Udo Afia Ikot Okpene.  Charles Partridge's local name

TRANSCRIPTION BY:   Leslie A Mackenzie, 1997

DATA ENTERED BY:   Ruth Riding, 1997



Slessor, Mary
Letter no. 43. 5th February 1908

 
Programme and hymn sheet, issued at the opening of the Goldie Memorial Hall 
(see letter no. 42).   

This item consists of a folded sheet.  The text is given below:-

Front page                           The Goldie Hall
                              
                                  Laying of the Memorial Stone

                                                 by

                           The Hon. W.F.W.Fosbery, Esq., C.M.G.


            Hope Waddell Institute
              Calabar, 5th Feb. 1908


Page 2.                          Hymn 469
                   
                       In the name which earth and heaven
                          Ever worship, praise, and fear -
                       Father, Son, and Holy Spirit -
                          Shall a house be builded here:
                       Here with prayer its deep founations
                           In the faith of Christ we lay,
                       Trusting by His help to crown it
                           With the top-stone in its day.

                        Here as in their due succession
                            Stone on stone the workmen place,
                        Thus, we pray, unseen but surely,
                            Jesus, build us up in grace,
                        Till, within these walls completed
We complete in Thee are found,
And to Thee, the one Foundation
                            Strong and living stones, are bound.
 
                         Fair shall be Thine earthly temple;
                            Here the careless passer-by
                         Shall bethink him, in its beauty
                             Of the holier house on high.
                         Weary hearts and troubled spirits
                             Here shall find a still retreat;
                         Sinful souls shall bring their burden
                            Here to the Absolver's feet. 

                          Praise to Thee, O Master-builder,
                             Maker of the earth and skies;
                          Praise to Thee, in whom Thy temple
                             Fitly framed together lies:
                          Praise to Thee, Eternal Spirit,
                             Binding all that lives in one, -
                          Till our earthly praise be ended,
                             And the eternal song begun !

Page 3:                                Programme.
                                            ________ 
                     
                      Scripture Lesson         1 Chronicles 29.  10-18
                      Prayer                        Rev. A. Cruickshank 
                      Praise                        Hymn 469

                                   Laying of the Memorial Stone

                                                   by

                             The Hon. W.F.W.Fosbery, Esq., C.M.G.
                                      Provincial Commissioner E.P.

                   Prayer                            Rev. R. Collins
                   Anthem        "O worship the Lord"     T. Smith
                                             Benediction


Page 4 [Text in a border]

            The Rev. Hugh Goldie, to whose memory this
            Hall is being built, was one of the pioneers of the Calabar
            Mission.   He took a deep interest in the education of
            the people and with the Rev. A.Robb D.D. made a 
            thorough study of the Efik language.   His chief work
            in Efik is his translation of the New Testament.   He
            also wrote an Efik Grammar and numerous school
            books in Efik.   The greatest monument to him is his
            "Dictionary of the Efik Language" which is remarkable
            for its completeness and is a perfect storehouse of
            information on native customs and idioms.[Note 1]  As a pastor
            he was greatly loved by the people of Creek Town
            who called him affectionately "Etubom Akamba" - the 
            great Master.   On account of his interest in Education
            it is fitting that this Hall should be 
                              Erected to his Memory


EDITORIAL NOTE:   This book was given to the Dundee Public Libraries as 
part of the collection of material donated in memory of Mary Slessor.  It is 
described elsewhere in this database.

DATA ENTERED BY:  Ruth E Riding,  1998



Slessor, Mary
Letter no. 44. 29th February 1908

 
Another letter to Mr. Partridge in England in which Mr. Rosario (engineer) again 
receives high commendation, having built a path from Miss Slessor's back door 
to the road.   She is planning her women's industrial centre, and a basket maker 
has been requested to come to advise and help train the women.   Mr. Biddell has 
been rather muddled by a nearby market dispute, and Miss Slessor laid down the 
law on the matter, asking that she be asked to deal with it in future, along with 
any boundary matters.




                                              Use - Ikot Oku
                                                    29. 2. '08

Dear Old Governor

                          How are you?   There was no word last mail, & I'm rather 
anxious.   I do hope it is better word this time, & that you will start with the 
Spring.   I shall be glad when the mails come up.   There is not anything in the 
shape of news.   Mr Darly turned up last week as a great & most agreeable 
surprise.   I have a very great regard for him, & was very glad indeed to see him, 
though he does not look any the better for his hard work, & long journeys.   He 
was having fevers, but is better since he came.   He & Mr Rosario went together 
to Ikot Okpene to see the Road..   It is in fine condition.   Rosario is a man of 
action, & knows his work & is a splendid disciplinarian.   They also ran up to 
Aro Chuku, & examined the embankment there.   That all on their "Bikes", for 
the road at the side of Creek is fine.   Mr Rosarios men made most of it this year, 
as the big expedition had to go up.   What has come over this expedition I have 
never heard.   Messrs Darly & Rosario brought their tools, & r formed a fine 
path for my Cycle & me out of my *back* *door*, not steep, & I can run on to 
the old road, & come out up beyond that bit of hill over which I had to lead my 
Cycle every day.   It is quite tempting now to go out, & I can bring it up to the 
door without any trouble.   O, *I* *love* that dear thing!!   I spent an hour over 
it today.   Cleaning it all over.   I had a visit from Mr Biddle on Tuesday 
morning as he came up from Itu.   The Fosberry (*Family*) were at Ikot Okpene 
last week, so Mr Biddell came back with them.   They did not come in for it was 
almost dark.   She is a dear lady, & quite as interested as Lady Edgerton is in 
every thing.   Mr Biddell had another message from the Governor asking him to 
see how he could help me, & I have given in formal form, a statement that they 
can give us a basket maker from Duke Town to shew the girls the way to do the 
sand basket used on the road, & to tell us which of rattan plants in the bush is 
best & most durable, also, to get any road widened & cleaned for me to any town 
or district where he thinks I can have a good influence & do any work, or ditto to 
any road I can find out for myself.   Also that I may take any men in Custody to 
work here instead of them sitting at Ikot Obon tending Halliday, as I think my 
influence has some effect in softening & etc, them.   Dont smile an ironic smile 
here, for I'm speaking the truth though you may think Im an Egotist.   To All of 
those requests he gave most gracious response, as far as he could.   & he pressed 
me most earnestly to take my place in the Court as I used, & let Halliday be my 
servant: not to ask him to send me a C.M. [Note 1] or a prisoner, but just to send 
for them.   He had also a story about that foreshore we got for Itu Embankment 
& Rest House.   He cant find your papers, & he took Halliday to interpret, & 
Ibok Eyo Ma of Obok Etim - beast - forbids certain things, that the place belongs 
to him, & Mr B- is in a mist, that Ekandem of Ntiat subsequently sold it to Ibok 
after the Govt. had it: & ________ Rubbish I said Mr B-  next time  you go there 
call for me.  The whole thing was done by the Whole Court, boundaries fixed, 
prices allocated, & etc. etc. all finished & Ibok Eyo Ma has simply nothing to do 
in the whole matter except that he has a house in Obot Etim, & they have only a 
few yards of land there.   What a mares nest it all was!!   Then comes poor old 
chief Ekandem of Ntiat to say, "Ma, were you not there when we fixed the 
boundaries & etc etc, the White Man Came & etc. etc.   I said "go home & sit 
down my friend.   Your very name is the proof that you own the soil.  The name 
of Ibok is an alien.   I told the White Man I wd. come when he next went to the 
palaver [Note 2], so dont worry."   Poor old man.   You should have seen the 
look of light & releif that broke over his face.

Mr Rosario goes home by this mail, so does Dr Robertson.   The two ladies from 
Ikot Obon are out with this Str [Note 3] I expect, & will be up here on Monday.   
I shall stay here tomorrow & get the house nice.   We have put new mats on, & 
cleared it all round.   Here is the Catechism Class, so tata for a bit.

Sat - night   The rain & thunder keeps threatning.   While my class were 
scattering, *both* Mr Darly & Mr Rosario came in & stayed till it was almost 
dark.   They have said good bye. & I feel so sorry & so lonely.   There is really 
*no* *one* now left whom I know.   It is prayer time so, as I see I have lifted a 
single sheet, I shall stop here.   Mr Darly very particularly begged to be 
remembered to you.   He heard that the governor was in O.C.[Note 4] but no 
boat was up till then.   I wish you were back. & going about again.   "All men 
seek for thee", natives I mean - so do I.   Write soon.   Kindest regards to all your 
family circle, & heaps for yourself.   The bairns often wonder when you are 
coming.   They all say "Kom Enge". [Note 5]  No word about your boy yet, or 
Esien.   I am dear old man Yours sincerely more than ever,
M M Slessor



EDITORIAL NOTES:    
1]   C.M. = Court Messenger

2]   palaver = usually denotes discussion, consultation, Court Case

3]   Str   = Steamer

4]   O.C. = probably an abbreviation for "Old Calabar".

5]   Kom Enge = Efik for compliments/greetings

TRANSCRIPTION BY:   Leslie A Mackenzie, 1997

DATA ENTERED BY:   Ruth Riding, 1997



Slessor, Mary
Letter no. 45. 10th March 1908

 
Mr Partridge has still not made a complete recovery, and Miss Slessor is unable 
to give him much news of his two workers Esien and Edu Mantu.   She speaks of 
her annoyance at having a Court cancelled without her, or the peoples', 
knowledge.   Although her Court papers had been removed by Halliday the clerk 
for auditing, [she thinks eleven days excessive for this purpose] she has held the 
Court without the books.   At last the ladies have arrived to take over, and she 
may move to a new district.   She is doing some building and a carpenter comes 
in for sharp criticism.   She tells Mr. Partridge of a 14 year old girl who has been 
bought and sold in a manner akin to slavery, and of her efforts to trace the girl 
and return her to her father.   In the postscript she complains of Mr. Biddell's 
negligence at having sent only one note and one telegram to her since his visit.



To C.P.jr.
Stowmt.
                                                                    Use Ikot Oku
                                                                          10.3.'08

Dear Old Man

                 Your last letter is not very satisfactory yet.   When are we to hear that 
you are in the garden, or having a drive or feeling the spring pulsing through 
your veins in newness of life again, Eh?   Hurry up !!   I'm very wearied waiting 
for you, & the surveyors were also longing for some definite news, for the old 
adage holds good in this District, "the value of the water is only known when the 
well is dry."   Im sorry not to be able to tell you about your boy Idu Mantu, but I 
shall send a C.M. [Note 1] back to Itu Rest House to try again.   You see I do not 
know anyone there, & I dont know the folks at the beach now, & Etim has been 
with his mother since I went home.  Not a word can I hear about Esien.   His 
poor mother is distraught, & does not know any thing about the charges made 
against him either.   His brother is angry with him, for the sorrow he causes his 
Mother.   I will ask about the men you mention, when I see Halliday, but he went 
at the end of the month, with his books to make up - to Ikot Okpene, & has not 
come back.   This makes 11 days he has been absent, with all the books.   Im 
glad I took a few summons & warrant forms before he went, else things wd. be 
at a standstill.   He sent a note last *Wed*, saying "I am instructed by DC [Note 
2} to *tell* the *Court* that there will be *no* *Court* *next* *Thursday*.   no 
date.   I sent to D.C. as a C.M. was passing, & he said by Telegram same night, 
that it was so, as the books were all there being audited.

When I saw over 200 people! & Jury Men from far & near, & this their busy 
season, I felt the injustice of it, & just held the Court, using papers, & we did a 
good days work too, but I think it will be as easy & much more satisfactory, to 
let Mr Biddell dispense with Halliday, as he is inclined, for I found one or two 
suspicious things on Thursday last.   If his books are all right, what does he need 
to wait 11 days for?   over a months work.   He is a great bother to Mr B - I have 
no doubt.   I am going to dispense with 2 or 3 Itam chiefs.   I shall take at least 
one Warrant this week.   He is a beast, & a disgrace to the Court.   He came 
Himself, neither you no I elected him, Akpa Nya, of Ikot Anye.   There is no 
word of the Governor coming yet.   The Ivy [Note 3] came in to Calabar last 
week, & there was a false alarm.   He comes *this* month they say.   Our road is 
beautiful.   He will surely be pleased with it.   Rosario is a fine workman, & 
good disciplinarian.   We shall miss him.   The Ladies came to Ikot Obon last 
week.   They are both well, & very happy at resuming work.   They have 
Bicycles with them, so there will be some running about.   Miss Peacock & I 
went to the Beach together last Sat. morning on business, on ours, i.e. our Bikes.   
I can do very well I am quite sure, & my Bike is a darling.   I wd. not change it 
with any one, or anything.

I am building here.   I got a Carpenter, but O, he is a beauty!   You remember 
trying him for a very unsavoury & very common sin here.   Wilson is his name.   
He loafs still in Itu, they wd. do any thing to get rid of him.   A woman had him 
up last month for assault.   The foreman of the Rds Dep [Note 4] sent up his 
Carpenter this morning to help him, as he was idle.   I met him on the road & we 
were talking, so he thought he wd. help me, & I got 6 men on hire to work to 
their hands.   Net result of the work of 2 carpenters, each at 3/- [Note 5] per 
diem, & 2 apprentice lads, with six labourers to their call.   The sawing of a 
piece of board four feet in length into 2 pieces, the nailing of same into place.   
railing of 3 pieces of wood from one side of the house to the other, 8 feet wide. 
& nailing on of 19 sheets of Corr. Iron.[Note 6]

They went off together at 7.A.M. came back at 11.A.M.   Kept the labourers 
from their meal & rest till 12;  holding said pieces of wood for them, then began 
to put on Iron [Note 6] at 4.P.M. while I sat over them.   Knocked off at 5.P.M. 
& had the *cheek* to come & say to me "Good Night".   Have I been a sweet-
tempered, sweet tongued Xtian [Note 7] lady today???   I *was* to the 6 
labourers for they did splendidly, so did my own old C.Ms who have both been 
here all day.   Ekpenyon, & Okono Nguo.   But those _______!!!   Mr Rosario 
said one day before he left, "We have a thing there calling himself Carpenter, 
*but*, I could not send him to you Ma!"   This is the "Thing*.   He heard a few 
plain truths today.   I have not got the time fixed yet for going to Ikpe because of 
this work lying - men are not to be got for hire just now, & partly because  the 
ladies overstayed their time & put me in a fix.   When ever this is done, I shall go 
off.  The rains are floating about, but are not on yet.   The heat is something 
intense during the day.   The last 3 days have held hours in which one simply 
wilted, It is dreadful.   Planting goes on apace.   I went to Ididep last Sunday, & 
round those farms, as Ikot Obon is supplied, & it *was* *hot*, but I was none 
the worse, & the people turned out splendidly, & were a very appreciative 
people indeed at every halting place.   If only I cd. use my Cycle more, but that 
Ikot Obobo road, with its stones & hills knock me to pieces.

The ladies beg to be remembered very kindly to you.   They have a lively sense 
of your kindness to them all the way home, & are so sorry you have not had so 
good a time as they had.   Did I tell you of the Use men who went to Nkara 
nearly a month ago, & were caught & held up?   Mr Biddell told us they were at 
Oyo, & he wd. have them brought from there to Ikot Okpene to be tried  at once 
as to the reason of their detention.   There is not a word since.   I have sent back 
a note to Him to ask the reason they are not coming home.   There has been great 
mourning & every thing standing still here, as they are all people of standing.   
Rather a suspicious case came up too 3 weeks ago, like slave dealing.   A man of 
Ikot Edok, long ago sold a bad slave who came into his hands in the old 
questionable way.   John Coco had the case tried & the man was sent to find the 
slave.   He got him back, but as he had only the price of one man in hand, & the 
Inokon dealer wanted four - It is 2 persons to redeem one in the old law, the 
Dealer said Give me your daughter as security.   He gave her food, & gave the 
dealer Mibiam [Note 8], but he got 9 months from John for selling the slave.   
When the 9 months were over he went for his daughter, that is between 2 & 3 
years ago.   I was at Ikot Obon.   The girl was gone - sold to Calabar.   He 
mourned for her, but could not trace her.   3 months ago, she turned up, ran away 
& came up in the Govt. Str.[Note 9]   A Calabar man went to Ikot Okpene with - 
Halliday wrote to me - a *note* from Chief Justice to D.C. -  which was sent to 
him, so that she shd. be arrested & given to her owner, *Who* *had* *bought* 
*her* *14* years ago.   Where was John 14 years ago.   Who forbad Inokon to 
sell, or went to see 14 years ago?  & the girl is not much over 14 years old.   
Halliday arrested her *without* a *warrant*, & without shewing me the "note" 
& gave her to the Calabar man.   Mr Biddell was to have her sent on to me, but 
she has doubtless been carried farther on , & he has not found her.   I have sent 
her father to Ikot Okpene after her once again.   Mr B will bless me for a Blister 
to him, when he is so busy, but what can I do?   There are the same number of 
wives who will not "Do" their husbands any more, & there are the same number 
chasing imaginery wives & Dowries of the long past.  a good number of assault 
cases, which I dont like, & quite the usual number of young men, specially at 
these beaches,  who - trusting to the [leniency?] of Consular days, take quite a 
comprehensive interest in the womenkind of all & sundry.   The young people 
here, as in Britain are going the Pace in the freedom of their own wills.

Now, all the bairns are gone to bed, & I have had a long hot tiring day doing the 
"Headman" over these workmen.   So I am off to bed.   I shall add any thing, if 
any thing turns up later on.   Meanwhile I am dear old fellow worker
Ever Yours Very Sincerely,
M M Slessor

Sunday - & posting time.   Have been to Ididep & etc etc etc & had good 
meetings.  The girl in the slave palaver came yest. with her fond father, she is not 
14 years old.   Biddell sent her home to her people.   Use men not home yet.   
That Iron those carpenters put on had all to come off next day.   It is all nail 
holed in a starry pattern now.   I sent them off till I cd. rest & get my Bile down.   
Halliday was back Wed. evening for Court, but I brought down his books & 
entered my own work & cash, myself.   It was more trouble than to do all the 
work were it not that the prison & court house is so far away I shd. take over the 
whole thing.   Biddell has been ill Hy [Note 10] says.   I have had *one* note 
from him since he came, & one Telegram so we dont make much headway.   I 
have not got my mails so have no news.   I shall send the girls with this, to go in 
the morning.   Mr Underhill came up on Friday afternoon.   He has done fairly 
well for Russel.   Goodbye once again   Yours sincerely
                                                                    M M Slessor



EDITORIAL NOTES:    

1]   C.M. = Court Messenger

2]   D.C./DC = District Commissioner

3]   The Ivy = a Steam Ship
  
4]   Rds Dep = Roads Department

5]   3/- = three shillings [or 15 new pence]

6]   Corr. Iron = Corrugated Iron

 7]   Xtian = Christian

 8]   Mibiam.  "The liquid substance which is tasted, & sometimes put on various 
parts of the body, in taking a solemn oath.  It is supposed to cause dropsy, & so 
destroy any individual swearing falsely."  Mbiam can also mean "The oath so 
taken, & hence sometimes applied to any solemn oath, whether mbian has been 
used or not."  from Charles Partridge's copy of the Rev. Hugh Goldie's 
"Dictionary of the Efik language".

9]   Govt.Str. = Government Steamer

10]   Hy = assume this is a reference to Halliday
                        

TRANSCRIPTION BY:   Leslie A Mackenzie, 1997

DATA ENTERED BY:   Ruth Riding, 1997



Slessor, Mary
Letter no. 46. 29th. March 1908

 
Miss Slessor responds to Mt Partridge's complaint of lack of details etc in her 
letters.   The Governor is expected this week, and gangs are kept on the road to 
clean it.   She reviews her contacts with Mr. Biddell.   Government soldiers and 
officials have been ransacking villages, and one soldier has been found 
murdered.   The chiefs long for Mr. Partridge to return.   One bright part in this 
letter to Mr. Partridge is the good work done by Jean, her adopted daughter.



                                             Use Ikot Oku
                                                  29. 3. 8,

Dear Old Man

I feel quite hopeful over the last letter.   It is just as cantankerous as the 
proverbial convalescent could make it, so I hope for you at last.

I'm so sorry that my epistles are so impractical, & so tantalizing, just coming to 
the point & stopping.   Well it is good for boys to have their desires curbed some 
times & I hope the result of these draw backs will be to keep you humble.   Your 
boy is quite beyond my ken.   Underhill does not go out much, & I seldom see 
him.   Mr Hanson the new Engineer on the Rd. does not know any one, & I have 
only seen Mr Biddell once for a minute since he brought Mrs Fosberry.   *She* 
was here for a few hours, but He, Fosbery, only looked in, & all he said, was, I 
had a letter from Mr Partridge.   Im so sorry he has had such a long hard time.   
That is all that passed about the District, as they were very tired & the evening 
was coming on.   Then at Calabar.   It was a public function, & during the 
reception afterward, I was held by the ladies, & had to leave before the thing 
broke up so we spoke nothing of shop, or of people.   The Governor is not up 
yet, so I have neither seen nor heard from him.   He is expected this week.   Lady 
Egerton had an At Home last week, or the previous week, but that is all Ive 
heard except that Mr Hanson has been told they come this week, & he has 
companies of boys on the Road.   So I *may* see him, & shall report.   Try to 
put on patience for news till next mail, & I shall be the truest & most explicit of 
gossips.   I have as I say never seen Biddell, except on the occasion he called 
because of the Governors request to help me.   Then his convoy of Mrs Fosbery.   
Then we met on the road, & he was feeling so slack after fever that it was the 
merest chit chat on the Rd.   I have had occasion to write to him half a score of 
times at least.   I have one note, & one Telegram, & a question at the end of a 
natives appeal to him from a fine of 15/- [Note 1] by the Court.   The question 
fills 2 lines.   So you see I have simply nothing to tell you, as we, & our district 
are left severely Alone by Europeans.

Esien!!   If I cd. get a scrap of news, I shd. tell his poor Mother, who is a pitiable 
object in her solicitude.   They know only what I know as to charges & trial & 
etc, which is Nothing.   He is not tried yet as far as we know.   Halliday says that 
11 of the men were caught, but the head man is still at large, tho' a price is on his 
head.   I'm so sorry I cannot enlighten you on one of your questions.   The men 
who were caught at Nkara - from Use, are not home yet.   They have been weeks 
& weeks at Ikot Okpene & the answer their people got last , was the White man 
is sick & cant judge.   A party of soldiers passed to day going up, & they 
attacked a woman with 16 yams [Note 2] on her head, & took them all, striking 
her with a gun.   Okon Antias people.   Last week, a party of Govt. Men of some 
kind came down, & 3 villages have been with the same complaint that they 
kicked up a row & scattered all the villagers pillaging the plantains & taking 
seed yams from the stack. etc.   While one man & his wife ran up here panting, 
saying a soldier?? took his wife as they walked up & when he tried to help his 
wife, the Govt. Man made to stab him.   Eventually the woman got free, & they 
ran in here.   A soldier was found dead, murdered or shot or something near 
Ntan, on the Ikot Okpene road.   The Head Man of Ntan is in custody over it, but 
there is no clue to the murderer, I myself beleive it was done by a pedestrian 
who ran for it, & doubtless the soldier was guilty of meddling with him.   All this 
last week a procession of Chiefs from everywhere ______ *Ikot* *Aba* among 
them, have been here to plead with me to save them from the White Man, as they 
have no connection with the other villages, & know nothing of the murder etc.

The Court goes on as usual.   The one cry is, O that Udo Afia Ikot Okpene were 
home again.   Amen!   Halliday is a great amusement & a  great trial.   If I were 
to stay, & if it were you, I shd. find it easier to do the whole thing alone.   I shall 
be going to Ikpe, & etc, so cant take it, & wont serve under present regime.   I 
mean *fully* serve.   The Bridges are up all the way to your station long ago, but 
I have been little further than Ikot Obon.   The ladies & I are to cycle out 8 or 10 
miles one of these days, but the rains are heavy.   Now you will think this is a 
shabby letter, as I do.   I sat 8 hours on Thursday, from 6 o/c till night I was 
occupied on Friday & all night I was out at Ikot Obon with a woman in trouble, 
got home at dawn & was at it yest. till late, was up at midnight with a twin 
mother who died overnight after a week of severe suffering leaving her babies 
with us.   Ive had a hard mornings work getting the body buried & Jeans room 
cleaned, where she lay.   Jean is treasure.   I cd. not do without her, she has 
nursed that woman, & had those babies - with a motherless boy she has had 
since its birth 9 weeks ago, & she never ties her face.   She has not let me have a 
baby over night at all since I came out.   So my nights are unbroken, tho I hardly 
think she can manage 7 of them.   The children are gone to Ididep to hold 
service, my service has been here & of a queer kind today, & now the letters 
must go down.   I have had a dozen men working, building all last fortnight & 
Im tired out, but it is getting cooler, & Im strong, & the Halo is far off.

This is an unsatisfactory epistle, but my home mail has been a heavy - official- 
one this time, so you must e'en take this, & kick it when you are finished, if you 
like.   Where ignorance is bliss - It wont hurt me, & it may ease you.   Hurry up, 
& get well & come home to your work, & if I dont get news by next mail for 
you, I shall *invent* some?   Eh?
Yours most sincerely
M M Slessor



EDITORIAL NOTES:     

1]   15/- = fifteen shillings [or 75 new pence]

2]   yam.  a potato-like tuber, and a staple food

3]   Udo Afia Ikot Okpene.  Charles Partridge's local name

TRANSCRIPTION BY:   Leslie A Mackenzie, 1997

DATA ENTERED BY:   Ruth E Riding, 1997





Slessor, Mary
Letter no. 47. 15th April 1908

 
Miss Slessor tells Mr. Partridge of everybody's desire to see him back in control 
again. The governor has been up into the colony, but did not pass Use, his car 
having done no damage to the new road. The large expedition seems to have 
been a success, and only two or three soldiers were killed. Cadbury's, the 
chocolate and cocoa manufacturers, had a man there at the time investigating the 
possibility of commercial planting. The remainder of the letter is general 
comment on gardening, planting, summonses in the district, and a humorous 
description of her hair, both when young and now she is older, occasioned by 
some comments of Mr Partridge's.




                                                Use Ikot Oku
                                                  15. 4. '08

Dear Old Man

                  How good it is to hear you joke once more, & to know of a truth that 
you are really on the way to recovery & that you hope to be ready for another 
fight by July.   May God grant it be so.

From ever your letter came, things seem at last to be happening.   Halliday sent 
to Aro Chuku to attend the Assizes & next sending word by a C.M. [Note 1] to 
tell Esiens brother at Ikot Obon to go to Ikot Okpene to gather Esiens things - 
which of course I forbade - a *verbal* message from Halliday, big man as he is, 
is not sufficient for this - but it seems to indicate that Esien is tried, &???   His 
poor mother has never been informed about the Charge yet, You wd. be sorry for 
the poor old thing.   Mr Russell is come, & has called & been as usual, a big 
friend to all the bairns.   He with everyone else, is wishing you were back again.   
"Wull ye no come back again?   Better lo'ed ye canna be, Wull ye no come back 
again?"   I think we must all keep on singing this, & if theres any thing in the 
new fangled notions of Telepathy & etc, we may draw you.   The Dr - Leonard - 
or something, has come.   He called on his way to Ikot Okpene.   He is direct 
from the "seat of war".   The Governor went up as I think I told you and instead 
of returning this way passed round by Bendi, & so to the place where the 
Expedition were working - or operating isnt it.? & he will come out up the Cross 
river or somewhere.   Hanson, the new Engineer was with him as far as this road 
went. & he kindly came in as he came back.   He is a rarely nice lad.   He 
answers your question as to the road & bridges, better & later than Mr Fosbery.   
He never left the saddle of his Bike till he reached Ikot Okpene, from Okopedi.   
The motor did not hurt the Road one single bit.   I would tell you that last week.   
Eh?

Biddwell is gone to Calabar sick, some one said.  he wd. likely be sent home, He 
was so unwell.   One person said, I fear he takes Cock Tails. - of course this must 
be for yourself alone, for I've been sad & rather uneasy about that idea.   I do not 
like his rule, frankly, but He is such a handsome fellow, & he has sisters, which 
means he is some womans love & hope, & he is a British officer, & I'm sure you 
as well as I, will hope that that is not true.   The Use people are not home yet.   
Their people have been to see them again last Monday, & I gave them a small 
book [Note 2] asking if over 2 months were not too long a time to keep the heads 
of families without trial, specially as it was the months of farm & produce, by 
which their families were kept all the year.   A verbal answer to the effect that 
they cannot be judged till the assizes are over at Aro Chuku was all we got.   I 
am completely at the mercy of Halliday for any Message or Command, all 
verbally given by him.   Several of these reputed Messages or Commands have 
been flatly refused & nullified by myself.   He ordered the C.Ms. to go to Edem 
Inyan, with only the name of a woman & bring her as a witness for - ?? - the 
Chief Justices Court.   I simply dared them twice over, to go to any ones house 
without a warrant, or at least a book, & specially did I forbid their going to 
another district, as my honour as well as Hallidays was bound up in the conduct 
of the Court.   Halliday said, they will not obey me if you say so.   All right, I 
said, I shall sacrifice Law & everything to the pride of my Clerk.  & I gave him a 
small book to Aro Chuku D.C.[Note 3] asking them to send a C.M. from that 
side if they wanted a witness for their own Court.   It is a funny business all of it, 
but for the sake of the people, I am holding on.

Mr Russell is to see after your boy Idu Mantu, as he has an access I have not to 
that side.   I'm so sorry I have not been able to trace him yet , probably he has 
been there all the time.   The Expedition seems to have been satisfactory.   An 
officer got sunstroke & died at Calabar.   Two native soldiers were killed, 
something like a dozen wounded, & 2 or 3 deaths from Pneumonia from a 
Tornado over night.   Not a bad record.   It is a *Grass* Country, not bush, & 
they have good cattle & seem very well off.

Cadbury of Cocoa Fame, has a man here seeing about the capabilities of the land 
in their direction, & I am thinking we might do something on this bit of land.   
There is an Epidemic of twins, we have two pairs, the poor mother of one pair 
died with us, & Jean has her hands full.   Now for my crack news.   *Udo Antie* 
is Home, at least he is at Obot Etim from which he was a Cats paw.   He was 
brought up by Str [Note 4] last Saturday, & it was the Market day in the Creek.   
Surely the White people shd. do things with some prudence.   Curiosity led 
crowds to look at him & see what they cd. learn for scandal.   He came up here 
Monday to give me Compliments.   He had previously sent for Imana Udo 
Ekandem, but I forbad him to go, or to have any truck with him.   He wore shoes 
& stockings & a shirt & hat, & the same Loin Cloth they brought to him when he 
was taken away.   I dont know if it is "Ticket of leave" [Note 5] or what, But the 
White Man breaks his own law too often, & makes it ridiculous in native eyes, & 
they undermine their own footing making heros of criminals.   Udo is doleful 
over his Mothers death.   He says "I cant go back Ma, Every body seems to be 
dead, or gone away, & my Mother gone, & I have no wish now to go."   I gave 
him yards of scolding interspersed with Advice, but as he is still in the hands of 
that scoundrel Etim Walker, there is little hope for a straight forward policy.   
The latter gets the Credit of getting Udo off.

There are 2 or 3 murmurs of coming claims on him for past misdeeds.   
Tomorrow is Court day.   I have done all the work since the 3rd of this month, & 
still Halliday is absent at Aro.   Before I went back to Court, the Chiefs & people 
went up like that to Court any day, & found "No Court," - & whatever happened 
in the District got leave to happen, no one cared.   However it is less trouble 
without him.   I hold 2 summons forms for which 10/- [Note 6] each was 
charged, & 5/- [Note 7] entered on the summons as prepaid.   He does not know 
how to get over this.   Both were revealed during his absence.   He has 1 or 2 
C.Ms. always with him as his attendants, but I have more than hinted that I 
wanted them for work, so he has but one this time.

If he acts for Judge at Aro, Judges Court, shd give him a C.M.   I have my Cycle 
to tidy up for tomorrow & as the flies are a pest I shall stop this tirade of scandal  
& do that other duty.   O, I was to get the Akani Obio Chief & his Canoe for my 
[entry?] on Ikpe during the first days of this moon, but he too has been 
summoned to the Chief Justice'  Court as he is one of Aros big men., so I'm still 
here, but as busy as busy can be.   We have got a room finished this week except 
for the sand on the floor, & the girls are planting & gardening very busily.   The 
Use lads get on very well with their books too.   Now good night God bless you

Sat 17th
Yesterday morning I went out to the Crowd & the previous days' Court books, & 
did not get in till 3 o/c, & today I'm washed out, & as slack as can be, & as I 
have a few letters to write for home I shall close this.   What a horrid letter it is.   
Im ashamed to send it, but I cant write another.   A young Engineer named 
Beattie has gone on  to Ikot Okpene to open the road the Governor went by the 
other day.   Messers Hanson & Underhill were up last night, they told me.   
Hanson spelt the name of the place he, the new man, was going to open the road 
to as [Uturu?], an unknown country.   Underhill says the market & the district 
are not what they were last year, & he attributes it, as I do, to the want of the 
*personal* supervision, & the want of that quick *sympathetic* *pushing*, 
which the natives need, & you know how to do it.   The presence of their White 
Father coming & going over their districts gives the feeling of security & 
endeavour to all & sundry.   Yes!  you are a very modest man!  I have no doubt.   
"*I* did half of it."   *I!* who have never been 10 miles along the road yet.   
Who have never even seen Manya!!   Yes, I have done half - I have no doubt.   I 
have done the *Whole* O & more than that.   What I have admired both in your 
book, & in all your subsequent writing & talking has been your contempt of all 
kinds of embroidery.   Your illness will not have developed the talent I hope.   It 
is so very prevalent in literature, & in all public & social life at home.   Let me 
give you good advice dear boy.   speak the TRUTH, & nothing but the truth in 
days to come.   AND AGAIN   Do not let your imagination get the upper hand 
while you are - [APART?] -, it is one of Gods greatest gifts to man, but unless it 
is in a world of facts & forces, & has to play the game of give & take to the full, 
it will lead you to be a dreamer of dreams & & a "se'er" of visions. & a D.C.- 
there is no pun meant - must be made of sterner stuff than mystics are fashioned 
from, so keep your inner optics in good order & training, for out of your dreams 
has come the best Joke of the season.   "You have very pretty hair,"   "It looks 
best uncovered" & etc, etc,   O my heart!!   A good many have shared the joke, 
& it isnt finished yet.   I was "Carrots" - & "Fire" to my brothers & sisters, & my 
poor hair was the bane of my girl hood, so much did I dread the "Carrots" part of 
it, & now in my old age it has "Gold Glints" in the sun.   Yes, *in* *the* *sun*!!   
The poor half dozen white threads that barely covered the scalp during the last 2 
or 3 years, have multiplied exceedingly from my trip to Bonnie Scotland, but 
alas! that the "Carrots" should have developed into a baser metal than gold, with 
which even the sun cannot conjure!!   So my dear boy, prepare for 
disillusionments, & if I take your advice - as I did last sunday after reading your 
epistle.   Know for a truth, that it is not for health reasons that I wear a hat, but 
because there is nothing now on my pate to "Glint".

Yes!  I took your advice, I never once removed my hat all day from 7.a.m. till 
8.p.m. & before I was at Use, I had fever.   It is the first time in my experience I 
have been able to keep on my hat so long. & the woeful result was quite the 
unexpected.   I am sleeping - sometimes when it is not too hot - under a net.   I 
*have* several times during this term taken quinine, I am drinking from a 
[Prana?] sparket - the Filter I may indulge in soon, & I WORE MY HAT, will 
that satisfy you?   The rains have come, & I feel much stronger since.   I *am* 
careful, but I shd. like more cycle exercise, & as I am working round by Ididep 
& the back of Use, there is not any chance of a run.   I have not time for daily 
rides, as I am building, & the people crowd around so with their palavers [Note 
8], & the girls at Ikot Obon  are so busy out of doors at their school & their 
house work that I dont like to go there.   I have not once cycled up the Creek 
side & now the mud is begun.   The Nkura is near Ikot Okpene.   Nkana *is* 
filthy.   I slept - or tried to - there.   Tata, the Children say Kom Etubom [ Note 
9] O!  they asked to whom I was writing

Trusting this epistle will not tantalize you, I am Yours very faithfully
M M Slessor
The ladies never fail to ask for you,
MMS



EDITORIAL NOTES:   

1]   C.M. = Court Messenger 

2]   Book = Probably a local term for an official document or statement

3]   D.C. = Dictrict Commissioner

4]   Str = Steamer

5]   Ticket-of-leave.  Licence for leave granted to a prisoner or convict before 
the end of his sentence

6]   10/- = ten shillings [or 50 new pence]

7]   5/- = five shillings [or 25 new pence]

8]   palavers = usually discussions, consultations, or Court Cases

9]   Kom Etubom.  To give thanks to, to salute or give compliments to.  
"Dictionary of Efik" by Rev. Hugh Goldie
                            

TRANSCRIPTION BY:   Leslie A Mackenzie, 1997

DATA ENTERED BY:   Ruth Riding, 1997



Slessor, Mary
Letter no. 48. 9th May 1908

 
Mr. Partridge is still in England, but recovering well, and all Miss Slessor's 
friends hope he will soon return. Mr. Biddell however is still unwell, but has 
been communicating better with Miss Slessor.   There is news of Esien Mr 
Partridge's former interpreter who is in Calabar Prison.   She gives news of the 
work of the Court which is busy, and she thinks the area is now more lawless 
instead of improving.  She closes by thanking Mr. Partridge for the papers, etc. 
he sent.



                                                    Use Ikot Oku
                                                        9. 5. '08

Dear Etubom [Note 1]

                 Your last is such a lift from the former letters.   You have been down 
stairs & out in the garden!   O I *am* glad, & the ladies at Ikot Obon, & all the 
native friends are so pleased to hear the good news, & we are all again beginning 
to measure the time when you will be back with us.

Mr Biddell is out of the Hospital & back at Ikot Okpene but he says he is far 
from well yet -   He came up last Saturday & looked in at my window & handed 
the girls a tin of Beef Essence & some Quinine for me, but I could not even turn 
to look at him, as I had a sick headache with my fever, & was fairly floored.   I 
was all right in a day or two again, & am as fit as possible now, but I was off 
duty on the Sunday.   The girls went to the farms & held the services & I 
crawled to Use in the evening.   Mr Biddell sent me a note - the first - by 
Halliday when he came back from his monthly trip with the Books, & He was to 
send another with answers to several queries & with two policemen to effect 
apprehensions too dangerous for our unarmed & simple C.M.s [Note 2]   They 
have not yet come, but doubtless will soon, so at last I have a sort of hold, & 
have regained my faith in the fact of a real person at Ikot Okpene.   He was not 
pleased at Halliday going & staying at Aro Chuku.   He says it was not he who 
sent him.   Who did?   Halliday says the ADC. [Note 3] is coming to inaugurate 
the new coin this week.   We shall see!   The Governor gave me a handful when 
he was up, they look fine.   The Gov- was back at Itu, for Mr Russell saw him, 
after he was up here, but I saw nothing & heard nothing further than that short 
talk on the way with the motor car in the midst of the admiring crowd.   We are 
quite in the back wash now.   We know not any one, & no one comes here at all.   
Mr Russell will have written to you.   He went to Calabar a week ago, & is not 
yet returned.   He is a fine man, & he appreciates your work & your character.   I 
have not heard if he saw your boy.   He will tell you himself.   I had a letter from 
Esien last boat, in which he presses the question of bail on the Ikot Obon Chiefs 
again & begs them to go down, but as they know nothing about his affairs, they 
refuse to interfere.   Certainly they cannot look at £300.   So he cant be tried, as 
he writes from Calabar prison, & says nothing of Aro Chuku.   So Hallidays 
story is all a lie.  Ofon Ikot is to send him £9 at once, & to bring his boy to see 
him, but Ofon Ikot says, he has hardly money to keep & take care of the family 
with his Mother & all, & tells Esien to get his money from where he put it, as he 
never gave him or his mother either any help.   So I must blight all Esiens hopes 
I fear when I write tonight.   He is certainly a selfish beggar, for he has never a 
word of pity for his Mother.   We have been having quite a crop of Telegraph 
men & their matrimonial & domestic troubles in Court lately.  What a place that 
Okof Eni is!   As bad as Asan I think.   We are kept busy at Court.   The palavers 
[Note 4] never have a slack season.   I think the District is more lawless instead 
of being better as the days pass.   I have no news, have seen no one since I wrote 
last, & have heard nothing.   I have not yet been back to Ikpe, but that district 
comes a deal to me.

I have no news, & am ashamed to send this silly scrawl.   I'm trying to pull up 
Use a bit, & some of the lads are begun to read & write.   We hold worship in the 
little Church every evening.   Ekpo is blind nearly.   They always speak of you.   
The ladies ask to be remembered to you, so does the Court, so do my girls, so do 
I.   With thanks for letters, papers, as for scores of other things & for your self & 
with best regards, & hopes that you will grow stronger daily now with the good 
weather.   I am Yours most sincerely
M M Slessor

Have letters from Mr Middleton   He rather likes the new place.



EDITORIAL NOTES:     

1]   Etubom.  An Efik word, meaning unknown

2]   C.M.s = Court Messengers

3]   ADC = Aide-de-camp

4]   palavers = usually discussions, consultations, Court Cases

TRANSCRIPTION BY:   Leslie A Mackenzie, 1997

DATA ENTERED:   Ruth Riding, 1997




Slessor, Mary
Letter no. 49. 30th May 1908

 
Miss Slessor's district has been plagued by illegal arrests without warrants, to 
such an extent that people are afraid to venture out, and formerly prosperous 
markets are coming to a standstill.   Udo Antia is again involved.  Her rounds 
take up to 8 hours each Sunday, but she is now able to do this which she says is a 
great difference from the previous year when she was not fit enough.   She and 
the rest of the staff wish Mr. Partridge a speedy return, perhaps in July.


                                                             Use
                                                             30. 5. '8

Dear Mr Partridge

                       How glad I am for the continued good news of your recovery, & 
for the definite statement made by your Dr that July may see you quite fit for 
your post.   You must take a lesson from other D.C.s [ Note 1] & take a little 
more care next time, for the way you worked was, to say the least of it - suicidal.   
But it was or *is* fully appreciated [eg?] by most people, for if you heard them 
when things do not come to pass, and things are coming to pass!   When Udo 
Antie came home, I told you of his coming to call.   Then I told you last time I 
think of our going out, "The Ladies" & I, to Itu Udo to see the old Rd Dept [Note 
2] shed.   Mr Hanson sent a dozen boys to get it repaired & sliding Bamboo 
doors put on, but the people refused the money I sent them.

[ start of page 2 - Miss Slessor appears to have omitted a word or words}

would not allow the boys to go to their Edefs [Note 3] to get either Mats or 
Bamboos.   The boys begged them & told them it was not the Consil,[Note 4] 
but "the ladies" who wanted to come & teach you & your children, etc.   They 
said - they swept the Manya Market, & had done their duty by the Govt. & had 
been burnt - & all the old story, & that now their chief was dead & they were 
reduced in circumstances & etc etc they only wanted to be quiet, & let the boys 
go away.   They all had matcheats [Note 5], but they did nothing. only they did 
not let them go to their Edefs for stuff.   Ibiaku ran away from us also.

However the sequel proved that their fears had some ground.   Ibiaku has done 
some thing & Udo Antias boys while he has been away, & he summoned them, 
& they took their summons to Imuk, who told them he cd not enter the palaver 
[Note 6], sent them off.   This was done because Imuk was a member of Court.   
Then the Akpun [Note 7] of the Udo Antia house who has defied the Court for 2 
years, & has eaten the summons & warrants of the Court for all that time, who 
refused to come in to Mr Mansfield, Who waited two days for him, was 
apprehended by Halliday for "Contempt" - & Udo came back to me, with his old 
palavers with Ntit Obio all written out, as if they were new, & that a few days 
ago his brother had been apprehended by Imuk, & tied up, & etc from Imuks 
house.   I said it was a regular warrant that took his brother, & he was brought in 
the usual way, & asked him to come to Court & hear the charges, or charge.   He 
passed by the Court, but his brother pointed to Imuk in Court & said, that was 
the man who had brought him here, & etc.   He was answered of course by the 
Court, but was remanded for a week till Halliday cd get all the charges tabulated 
to shew him.   Meanwhile Imuk was sent for by Udo Antia, & the poor fool 
went, Udo tied him up, delivered him to his boys, who again delivered him to 
one C.M. [Note 8] to take to Ikot Okpene on a charge of murdering 2 boys.   I 
sent to Biddell, as I cannot have any person in this district apprehend any other 
person without a warrant from this Court, & by its officers.   Biddell wrote  in 
the "Yellow" style [Note 9] of this sensational murder *by* the *Ibiaku*, & I 
think hushed it, & *went*  *to try & bribe Udo Antia* to Hush it.   It is too 
funny to think of Imuk on such an errand.   "That Udo" took out 2 summons & 
etc.   My reply is, if Ibiaku did take the summons to any one to plead for them to 
help it is only Native fashion, & Imuk cd. have been *summoned* to this Court.   
It is quite competent to deal with "Hush up".   Halliday says Udo took 2 
summonses for household stuff destroyed by Ibiaku, belonging to his boys, & 
never followed up the action by appearing.   Biddell is to let me know How this 
White Elephant develops, & poor Imuk is in prison, & all Ibibio is in the same 
old state of fear for Udo Antia, & the Markets which have been going down 
steadily, are now "nil" as far as Anan is concerned.   No one will walk on the 
government road out more than 2 miles beyond Ikot Obon, & poor Mr Underhill 
is frantic, & all the native traders are crying out for Udo Afia Ikot Okpene. [Note 
10]

If you heard the Jurymen about you as they heard Udo, & Biddells letters on this 
affair read.   One man - an old Itu Court man, said please Ma, tell the Consul if 
he is to go into these palavers, he should call all old members of Itu Court to 
hear.   They will give him the key to this, & also produce evidence."   I claim too 
with the Chiefs, that Imuk be tried at Ikot Obon, as there is only some witch 
medicine in the murder palaver, & Imuk has nothing to do with it.   I have also 
said that if Udo Antia acts with other Courts in defiance of this one, or if he can 
do any thing in the way of arresting the people, my connection with the District 
ceases at once.   So thats the secret of Abiaku & Itu Udos failure to meet us, O 
Udo is again King in Charge.

I'm sorry not to be able to tell you about your boy, but really I cant find him.   
Esiens mother stopped me last evening to ask again to gain some news of her 
son, but I am as helpless as she is.   The A.D.C. [Note 11] passed on Saturday & 
will call probably on his way back from Itu.   He is a nice lad & works well.   I 
have not time for more.   I have a sick baby who will not stop crying if I lay him 
down.   I had 2 girlies very ill - a remarkable thing for this healthy hungry 
household, all the last fortnight they kept me night & day, but they are better & I 
am very well.   I manage 8 hours on end trudging & talking every Sabbath.   I go 
round Ididep & Ntan & Ikot Etim & back to Ukobo & Use, & am never the 
worse.   Thats a difference from last year.

The ladies beg to be remembered to you.   They too are well & busy.

Why are you so sarcastic over the Road surveyors & their greetings to you?   If 
you want to know their names, they are Messers Darly & Rosario, Who are gone 
home now, but have a very high opinion of you & your work here.   The latter 
before he went away said, they only now knew what the District owed you, & At 
Russells it is the same story.   An old friend of yours whom you put on the Court 
was here the other day.   His son had been killed, & the man with the "smooth 
head," - not the Efik for baldness, gave a verdict for 20 goats & let the man go 
free.   "O Ma, Where is Udo Afia? Tell him to come back!" etc.   Baby will not 
be quiet so must stop.   The flies are so annoying.

Thank you for all books & papers & letters & everything, & Hurry up & come 
home to your people.

God bless & heal you completely to this end.   With all kind regards
I am Yours most sincerely
M M Slessor



EDITORIAL NOTES:     

1]   D.C.s = District Commissioners

2]   Rd Dep = Roads Department

3]   Edef =  appears to be an Efik word, meaning unknown, - but perhaps 
"stores"?

4]   Consil = Consul

5]   matcheats = machetes/matchets, broad heavy knives  

6]   palaver = usually discussion, consultation. Court Case

7]   Akpun.  Perhaps "first-born son".  There are a number of meanings to this 
term in the Dictionary of Efik" by Rev. Hugh Goldie.

8]   C.M. = Court Messengers

 9]   "Yellow" style.  A reference to the yellow press, meaning exaggerated or 
sensational.

10]   Udo Afia Ikot Okpene.  Charles Partridge's local name

11]   ADC = Aide-de-camp

TRANSCRIPTION BY:   Leslie A Mackenzie, 1997

DATA ENTERED BY:   Ruth Riding, 1997